In the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition, Narcissistic Personality Disorder (NPD) is characterized by a pervasive pattern of grandiosity, a need for admiration, and a lack of empathy. This pattern starts in early adulthood and is present in various contexts.

Narcissistic Personality Disorder (NPD) is diagnosed based on specific behavioral patterns. While only a mental health professional can formally diagnose NPD, here are some key signs that may indicate someone has narcissistic traits:

1. Grandiosity & Sense of Superiority

  • They exaggerate their achievements and talents.

  • Believe they are special and deserve special treatment.

  • Often look down on others as inferior.

2. Constant Need for Admiration

  • They crave excessive praise and validation.

  • Become upset or irritated when they don’t receive attention.

3. Lack of Empathy

  • Struggle to recognize or care about others' feelings.

  • Dismiss or invalidate others' emotions.

4. Manipulative & Exploitative Behavior

  • Use others for personal gain without considering their needs.

  • May lie, gaslight, or guilt-trip to maintain control.

5. Sense of Entitlement

  • Expect special treatment and get upset when they don’t receive it.

  • Feel rules don’t apply to them.

6. Envy & Competitive Nature

  • Are envious of others or believe others are envious of them.

  • Often compare themselves to others and need to be "the best."

7. Arrogance & Fragile Self-Esteem

  • Appear confident but are deeply insecure.

  • React poorly to criticism or perceived slights (rage or silent treatment).

How to Deal with Someone Who Has NPD

1. Set Firm Boundaries

  • Be clear about what behavior you will and won’t tolerate.

  • Don't allow them to manipulate or guilt-trip you.

2. Avoid Trying to Change Them

  • People with NPD rarely acknowledge their issues or seek help.

  • Accept that they are unlikely to change unless they want to.

3. Don’t Engage in Power Struggles

  • Avoid arguing or trying to prove them wrong—they may gaslight or twist facts. Stay calm and disengage when necessary.

4. Keep Emotional Distance

  • Don’t rely on them for emotional support.

  • Protect your feelings by not taking their actions personally.

5. Use Clear, Direct Communication

  • Be assertive without being aggressive.

  • Stick to facts and avoid emotional appeals.

6. Prioritize Your Own Well-Being

  • Practice self-care and seek support from trusted people.

  • Consider therapy if their behavior is affecting your mental health. 7. Know When to Walk Away

  • If their behavior is abusive or toxic, limiting or cutting contact may be necessary